November 29, 1972: Nolan Bushnell Releases Pong

Pong is a first generation video game released originally as a coin-operated arcade game by Atari Inc. It is based on the sport of table tennis and named after the sound generated by the circuitry when the ball is hit. Contrary to popular belief, Pong was not the world’s first video arcade game but it was the first video game to achieve widespread popularity in both the arcade and home console markets.

Pong was the first game developed by Atari and co-founder Nolan Bushnell hired Allan Alcorn despite having no experience with video games. To acclimate Alcorn to creating games, Bushnell gave him a project secretly meant to be a warm-up exercise. He asked Alcorn to create a simple game with one moving spot, two paddles, and digits for score keeping. Alcorn created his own designs because he felt that the basic game was too boring.

He added features to give the game more appeal. To construct the prototype, Alcorn purchased a black and white television set from a local Payless store and placed it into a four-foot wooden cabinet. In September 1972, Bushnell and Alcorn installed the Pong prototype at the local bar, Andy Capp’s Tavern and it was well-received the first night. By the end of March 1973, between 8,000 to 10,000 of the units had been sold, although, taking into account the large number of clones, it is estimated that over 100,000 coin-ops were sold.

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