The Tunguska Event, or Tunguska explosion, was a massive explosion that occurred near the Podkamennaya Tunguska River in what is now Krasnoyarsk Krai of Russia on June 30, 1908. The explosion was most likely caused by the air burst of a large meteoroid or comet fragment at an altitude of five to ten kilometers above Earth’s surface. Different studies have yielded varying estimates for the object’s size, with general agreement that it was a few tens of meters across.
Although, the meteor or comet burst in the air rather than directly hitting the surface, this event is still referred to as an impact. Estimates of the energy of the blast range are from five megatons to as high as 30 megatons or TNT, with 10-15 megatons the most likely – about 1000 times as powerful as the bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan and about one third the power of Tsar Bomba.
The explosion knocked over an estimated 80 million trees over 2,150 square kilometers. It is estimated that the earthquake from the blast would have measured 5.0 on the Richter scale. The Tunguska Event is believed to be the largest impact event on land in Earth’s recent history.
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