The Sicilian revolution of Independence of 1848 occurred in a year replete with revolutions and popular revolts. The revolution of that year is significant because it was one of the first of numerous ones to occur that year; this one resulted in an independent state surviving for 16 months; the constitution was quite advanced for its time; and was a curtain raiser to the end of the Bourbon kingdom.
The seeds of the revolution 1848 were sown prior to the Congress of Vienna in 1812. Post Congress of Vienna, Ferdinand IV of Naples immediately abolished the constitution upon returning the royal court to Naples. The 1848 revolution was substantially organized from, and centered in, Palermo. The popular nature of the revolt is evident in the fact that posters and notices were being handed out in a full three days before the substantive acts of the revolution occurred.
The Sicilian parliament was never able to control the well fortified city of Messina, which ultimately would be used to take back the island by force. It was the city of Messina that held out the longest against Garibaldi’s attack on the island in 1860. Sicily survived as a quasi-independent state for 16 months, with the Bourbon army taking back full control of the island by force.
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